spaceship engine spec

following the schema, a spaceship needs an engine to travel a cypherspace galaxy. an engine is constructed from a set of functions that realise the spaceship schema. this resembles an API. unlike an API though, these requirements are not set out by a central server and presented to clients--spaceships own their engines and builders may customise them as they like.

what we present here is a limited set of functions a codebase should provide to properly function as a spaceship engine. not all of these functions need implementing on their own--many of them are easily realised as compositions.

general remarks:

• all spaceship identifiers (public keys) must be signed with the appropriate private key or similar attestation, for every request.
• where a function returns no output (for example, if it is used to modify galactic or local state), it's best to return information about the result.

engine spec

pilot/spaceship internal functions

• createIdentifier
• listIdentifiers
• destroyIdentifier
• entombData
• importData

createIdentifier

• input: null
• output: a struct or hash of private and public keys

generates a keypair that can be used to identify the pilot to others.

destroyIdentifier

• input: a keypair id
• output: null

permanently destroys a keypair. Naturally, only the private key can actually be destroyed, if the public key has seen any replication.

listIdentifiers

• input: null
• output: an enumerable of identifiers

lists the identifiers available to a spaceship for use.

entombData

• input: a pointer (or location string) addressing stored identifiers
• output: an encrypted block of data

encrypts a set of stored identifiers for out-of-universe export, deleting them from storage.

importData

• input: a pointer (or location string) addressing an encrypted block of identifier data
• output: null

decrypts a set of stored identifiers and places them into the underlying filesystem, and makes them available to listIdentifiers().

notes

• assuming the hardware substrate is running something like windows/posix, identifying data should be stored in XDG standard directories.
• asymmetric-key cryptography is expected to be the most reliable form of identifier for the foreseeable future, but any implementation that combines a pilot's secret knowledge (i.e., a passphrase) with a robust stored secret (a private key) and a reusable public sigil (a public key) meets this spec.

record functions

• createRecord
• editRecord
• viewRecord

createRecord

• input: an enumerable of recipient keys, a record type, an array of record links, and serialised content.
• output: null

creates a record. a record is a performative atom for spaceships--it's a single communication at an experiential level. records are non-ephemeral. they may be linked to orbitals, encrypted to orbital residents or other recipients, or broadcast galaxywide. their position in the galaxy is thus expressed by their linkage.

editRecord

• input: a link to a record to be edited, and serialised content.
• output: null

submits a record linked to an already-existing one, with an explicit identifier indicating that it's an edit.

throws an error if the existing record is not known to the spaceship.

viewRecord

• input: an ID referencing a record.
• output: a record object with content, its creator's ID, and recipient IDs if applicable

retrieves a record from the space.

notes

• a record link is just the key of a record, namely, a reference.
• by convention, an edit of zero-length can be interpreted as a record's deletion.
• edits may be better encoded as diffs, depending on their content type.
• any ship may submit record edits. how they are viewed and processed is up to interface convention--for example, an orbital may establish itself as a wiki, and instruct spaceships to accept edits from any pilot. a spaceship may also unilaterally view different edits according to its own policies.

orbital functions

• createOrbital
• hailOrbital
• viewOrbital
• inviteTraveller
• emigrateOrbital
• deportResident

createOrbital

• input: an informal name string, and a security policy descriptor. optionally, a list of invitees.
• output: an orbital record to be replicated

creates an orbital, with a unique key, name, and a description of its security policy.

security policy descriptors may vary from galaxy to galaxy, but here is a example set of keys:

• announce: boolean. controls whether or not a galaxywide broadcast of the new orbital is sent on creation or in response to hails. if this is false, spaceships will have to infer the existence of the orbital from traffic.
• openResidency: boolean. controls whether or not visitors are immediately added to the list of recipients upon hailing the orbital, or if they must be invited.
• governmentType: one of "dictatorship", "majority rule", or "anarchy".
• dictator: keystring or null. if governmentType is dictatorship, this identifies the resident who sets policy.

viewOrbital

• input: an orbital identifier
• output: an enumerable of record keys

this function performs the task polls the orbital for records

hailOrbital

• input: a signed spaceship identifier
• output: one of "welcome" or "invitation required".

signals to an orbital that a spaceship and pilot would like to enter the orbital.

orbital entry may consist of the following things, in order of increasing commitment:

1. orbital residents involving the entrant in orbital record traffic (only meaningful if traffic routing in the current galaxy has any structural concept of spatial priority).
2. orbital residents adding (one of) the entrant's public keys to the list of orbital recipients, allowing the entrant to read records posted thereafter.
3. orbital residents doing the computational work of re-encrypting records reaching into the past with the entrant's public key, allowing the entrant participation in the orbital's past.
4. political enfranchisement in the orbital, if there is any to be had
5. and so on, and so on...

this function is the intransitive counterpart to inviteTraveller

inviteTraveller

• input: a spaceship identifier signed with the key of a resident.
• output: null

transitive counterpart to hailOrbital; expresses endorsement for entry by an orbital resident. has similar effects.

emigrateOrbital

• input: a spaceship identifier signed with its own key.
• output: null

requests that an orbital's residents roll back the entry steps outlined above.

intransitive counterpart to deportResident.

deportResident

• input: a resident identifier signed with the key(s) of the policy deciders of the orbital (see above)
• output: null

transitive counterpart to emigrateOrbital; expresses endorsement for the expulsion of a resident from an orbital.

notes

• hailing an orbital is a good way to check for its existence before trying to create one with similar existential parametres.
• emigrating an orbital is a good way to repudiate a public key, if the identifier has been compromised.
• orbitals are just implicit collections of records, established by (cryptographically secured) recipient lists or just a single reference to an orbital.
• on the other hand, an orbital, like any other part of this schema, could be backed by (dedicated) replicators with their own policies. we hope that the space remains as flat as possible, but these structural effects should be recognised.
• a non-conforming engine build that does not obey deportResident calls is easily imagined. it is best not to rely on these types of functions.
• speaking generally, inviting a traveler to an orbital is implicitly allowing them to bring stowaways, by virtue of the fact that any spaceship can pass on messages, disobeying the security policy of the orbital. trust is, as it has always been, up to the people involved, not the machines they operate.
• orbitals, like IRC channels, rely on their residents to function as a space, regardless of structural circumstances. we expect communitarian anarchy to be the most stable form of orbital management.

galaxy functions

enterGalaxy

• input: galaxy connection information, as a structure
• output: a stateful connection object

leaveGalaxy

• input: a connection object
• output: null

dereferences a galaxy connection object and halts replication activity.

notes

since cypherspace galaxies are nearly or totally topologically independent from terrestrial space, a terrestrial connection is never needed to see a galaxy's "past", that is, the store of galaxy data that has already been replicated onto the local spaceship's hardware. likewise, galaxy data is not expected to be deleted (at least, not consistently). both the concepts of "entering" and "leaving" become dubious in this case, but we think they are schematically useful.